Vol. 69, No. 1, 2026
Computer science and technology
REVIEW
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Artificial intelligence for virtual reality: a review
Wang, Lili; Xu, Weiwei; Liu, Yebin; Wang, Miao; Wang, Beibei; Yang, Xubo; Xu, Lan; Tan, Zhangyao; Fan, Runze; Wang, Zijun; Wang, Chi; Zhang, Hongwen; Wen, Yijian; Yang, Haozhong; Wu, Jian; Fan, Jiahui; Wang, Hui; Zhang, Qixuan; Wang, Guoping; Wang, Yongtian; Zhao, Qinping
Sci China Inf Sci, 2026, 69(1): 111101
Keywords: virtual reality; artificial intelligence generated content; 3D Gaussian; avatar; physical simulation; interaction
Cite as: Wang L L, Xu W W, Liu Y B, et al. Artificial intelligence for virtual reality: a review. Sci China Inf Sci, 2026, 69: 111101, doi: 10.1007/s11432-024-4541-9
Computer science and technology
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Keywords: blockchain; Byzantine fault-tolerant; consensus protocol; rapid analysis framework
Cite as: Feng L L, Fu X, Wang H M, et al. From PBFT to the present: a thorough overview of blockchain consensus protocols. Sci China Inf Sci, 2026, 69: 111102, doi: 10.1007/s11432-024-4431-y
Information and communication engineering
REVIEW
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An overview of domain-specific foundation model: key technologies, applications and challenges
Chen, Haolong; Chen, Hanzhi; Zhao, Zijian; Han, Kaifeng; Zhu, Guangxu; Zhao, Yichen; Du, Ying; Xu, Wei; Shi, Qingjiang
Sci China Inf Sci, 2026, 69(1): 111301
Keywords: artificial intelligence; domain-specific foundation model; multi-modality foundation model; pre-training foundation model; fine-tuning
Cite as: Chen H L, Chen H Z, Zhao Z J, et al. An overview of domain-specific foundation model: key technologies, applications and challenges. Sci China Inf Sci, 2026, 69: 111301, doi: 10.1007/s11432-025-4498-2
Computer science and technology
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Supplementary
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RHINO: regularizing the hash-based implicit neural representation
Zhu, Hao; Liu, Fengyi; Zhang, Qi; Ma, Zhan; Cao, Xun
Sci China Inf Sci, 2026, 69(1): 112101
Keywords: implicit neural representation; regularization; static/dynamic neural radiance field; signed distance function
Cite as: Zhu H, Liu F Y, Zhang Q, et al. RHINO: regularizing the hash-based implicit neural representation. Sci China Inf Sci, 2026, 69: 112101, doi: 10.1007/s11432-024-4490-3
Control science and engineering
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Keywords: cooperative learning; encryption-decryption mechanism; external disturbances; mask function; multiagent systems
Cite as: Wang M, Peng X-J, Li H Y, et al. Distributed cooperative learning control for multiagent systems with data protection and disturbance observation. Sci China Inf Sci, 2026, 69: 112201, doi: 10.1007/s11432-024-4368-3
Control science and engineering
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Keywords: stability in distribution; highly nonlinear; Hasminskii-type theorem; hybrid stochastic differential equation; nondifferentiable time delay
Cite as: Yu H, Zhu S, Chen H B, et al. Stability in distribution of nonlinear hybrid stochastic systems with non-differentiable time delays. Sci China Inf Sci, 2026, 69: 112202, doi: 10.1007/s11432-024-4398-x
Control science and engineering
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Keywords: accelerated iterative learning law; continuous-time piecewise-affine systems; fault reconstruction; region mismatch; region-dependent Lyapunov function
Cite as: Xu N, Zhu Y Z, Wu F, et al. Observer-based fault reconstruction for continuous-time piecewise-affine systems: a novel iterative learning approach. Sci China Inf Sci, 2026, 69: 112203, doi: 10.1007/s11432-024-4370-3
Control science and engineering
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Keywords: vision-based measurement; robot sensing system; grasping; grasp pose detection; automatic labeling
Cite as: Cheng H, Wang Y Y, Meng M Q H. Vision-based single-stage grasp pose estimator with rotated anchors and automatic label generation. Sci China Inf Sci, 2026, 69: 112204, doi: 10.1007/s11432-024-4436-9
Information and communication engineering
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Keywords: hyperspectral point cloud; 3D object detection; feature fusion; geometric-spectral distortion
Cite as: Jiang Y Z, Gu Y F, Li X. Pillar-voxel fusion network for 3D object detection in airborne hyperspectral point clouds. Sci China Inf Sci, 2026, 69: 112301, doi: 10.1007/s11432-024-4458-0
Information and communication engineering
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Keywords: radar network; multi-radar resource allocation; multi-target tracking; radio frequency stealth; probability of interception; pulse deinterleaving
Cite as: Zhang L, Wang D, Wang H, et al. Enhancing radar stealth performance through radar network resource allocation for multi-target tracking: a counter-sorting approach. Sci China Inf Sci, 2026, 69: 112302, doi: 10.1007/s11432-024-4325-5
Information and communication engineering
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Keywords: tactile Internet; tactile communication; vibrotactile; force-tactile; tactile codec
Cite as: Zhang Q, Zhang S Y, Jiang T. A tactile codec based on perceptual deadband and differential encoding for tactile Internet. Sci China Inf Sci, 2026, 69: 112303, doi: 10.1007/s11432-025-4446-2
Information and communication engineering
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Dive into streaming: efficient identification of encrypted dynamic DASH video traffic
Zhang, Xiyuan; Xiong, Gang; Gou, Gaopeng; Li, Zhen; Gu, Zheyuan; Huang, Yiyang; Fang, Binxing
Sci China Inf Sci, 2026, 69(1): 112304
Keywords: network security; multimedia communications; video traffic identification; DASH streaming analysis; network traffic
Cite as: Zhang X Y, Xiong G, Gou G P, et al. Dive into streaming: efficient identification of encrypted dynamic DASH video traffic. Sci China Inf Sci, 2026, 69: 112304, doi: 10.1007/s11432-024-4474-6
Microelectronics and quantum information
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Keywords: tunnel FET; variability; ion implantation; CMOS; silicide
Cite as: Wang K F, Li Y Q, Ren Y, et al. Variation-aware optimization of salicide-enhanced tunnel FET technology based on 300 mm foundry platform. Sci China Inf Sci, 2026, 69: 119401, doi: 10.1007/s11432-025-4495-3
Microelectronics and quantum information
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A 1-10 GHz frequency-agile high-power GaN linear photoconductive semiconductor switch
Wang, Xu; Lu, Xiaoli; Wang, Ye; Yang, Ruiqi; Chen, Xiangjin; Liu, Jingliang; He, Yunlong; Ma, Xiaohua; Hao, Yue
Sci China Inf Sci, 2026, 69(1): 119402
Keywords: frequency-agile RF device; linearly modulated PCSS; GaN microwave photonics; high power RF device; X-band
Cite as: Wang X, Lu X L, Wang Y, et al. A 1-10 GHz frequency-agile high-power GaN linear photoconductive semiconductor switch. Sci China Inf Sci, 2026, 69: 119402, doi: 10.1007/s11432-025-4499-6
Microelectronics and quantum information
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32 x 32 β-Ga2O3 MOS solar-blind ultraviolet detector array and its properties
Chen, Haifeng; Wu, Chenlu; Liu, Xuyang; Chen, Chunling; Wang, Huorong; Lu, Qin; Liu, Xiangtai; Ni, Jinyu; Wang, Zhan; Wang, Shaoqing
Sci China Inf Sci, 2026, 69(1): 119403
Keywords: Ga2O3; solar-blind ultraviolet; MOSFET; photodetector array; gate-controlled reset
Cite as: Chen H F, Wu C L, Liu X Y, et al. 32 x 32 β-Ga2O3 MOS solar-blind ultraviolet detector array and its properties. Sci China Inf Sci, 2026, 69: 119403, doi: 10.1007/s11432-025-4506-1
Microelectronics and quantum information
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Revisiting a classic form of memory-centric computing—lookup table
Dai W B, Chen X G, Song S N, et al
Sci China Inf Sci, 2026, 69(1): 119404
Keywords: LUT-based computing; near-memory computing; compute-in-memory; emerging non-volatile memory; memory-centric computing
Cite as: Dai W B, Chen X G, Song S N, et al. Revisiting a classic form of memory-centric computing—lookup table. Sci China Inf Sci, 2026, 69: 119404, doi: 10.1007/s11432-025-4521-4
Vol. 69, No. 2, 2026
Computer science and technology
RESEARCH PAPER
Supplementary
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Multi-topology contrastive graph representation learning
Xie, Yu; Jia, Jie; Wen, Chao; Li, Deyu; Li, Ming
Sci China Inf Sci, 2026, 69(2): 122102
Keywords: graph representation learning; self-supervised contrastive learning; graph neural networks; multiple topologies; semantic consistency
Cite as: Xie Y, Jia J, Wen C, et al. Multi-topology contrastive graph representation learning. Sci China Inf Sci, 2026, 69: 122102, doi: 10.1007/s11432-024-4467-3
Computer science and technology
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PGPL: enhancing spatial awareness abilities of multimodal large language models based on precise geometric position learning
Zhao, Yongqiang; Li, Zhenyu; Jin, Zhi; Zhang, Feng; Wang, Ziliang; Wu, Lianwei; Dou, Chengfeng; Zhao, Haiyan; Xu, Xinhai
Sci China Inf Sci, 2026, 69(2): 122103
Keywords: multimodal large language model; spatial awareness; geometric position learning; geometric absolute position; geometric relative position; multidimensional information fusion
Cite as: Zhao Y Q, Li Z Y, Jin Z, et al. PGPL: enhancing spatial awareness abilities of multimodal large language models based on precise geometric position learning. Sci China Inf Sci, 2026, 69: 122103, doi: 10.1007/s11432-024-4416-8
Computer science and technology
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Keywords: causal reinforcement learning; reinforcement learning; causality; online reinforcement learning; causal structure learning
Cite as: Cai R C, Huang S Y, Qiao J, et al. Learning by doing: an online causal reinforcement learning framework with causal-aware policy. Sci China Inf Sci, 2026, 69: 122104, doi: 10.1007/s11432-024-4403-7
Computer science and technology
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Memory-based diverse-category single-view 3D reconstruction
Guo H Y, Li Y, Deng C Y
Sci China Inf Sci, 2026, 69(2): 122106
Keywords: single-view reconstruction; neural networks; mesh generation; neural rendering; contrastive learning
Cite as: Guo H Y, Li Y, Deng C Y. Memory-based diverse-category single-view 3D reconstruction. Sci China Inf Sci, 2026, 69: 122106, doi: 10.1007/s11432-024-4543-3
Control science and engineering
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Keywords: semiglobal stabilization; extended observer; unknown control gain; unknown internal dynamics; underactuated system
Cite as: Li S-L, Zhou B, Duan G R. Semiglobal output feedback control for uncertain minimum-phase nonlinear systems. Sci China Inf Sci, 2026, 69: 122201, doi: 10.1007/s11432-024-4518-1
Control science and engineering
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Towards proof-of-prospect consensus mechanism for maximizing consumers' satisfaction in distributed energy systems
Xie, Yuqi; Tang, Changbing; Chen, Zhiyi; Lai, Jingang; Zheng, Zhonglong; Yu, Xinghuo
Sci China Inf Sci, 2026, 69(2): 122202
Keywords: blockchain consensus mechanism; distributed energy systems; distributed optimization; prospect theory; risk decision; satisfaction
Cite as: Xie Y Q, Tang C B, Chen Z Y, et al. Towards proof-of-prospect consensus mechanism for maximizing consumers' satisfaction in distributed energy systems. Sci China Inf Sci, 2026, 69: 122202, doi: 10.1007/s11432-024-4438-5
Control science and engineering
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Keywords: distributed resource allocation; nonlinear uncertainty; multiagent system; extended state observer; active disturbance rejection control
Cite as: He J L, Chen S, Xue W C. Resource allocation for high-order multiagent systems with uncertainties from non-neighboring nodes. Sci China Inf Sci, 2026, 69: 122203, doi: 10.1007/s11432-024-4390-2
Control science and engineering
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Asynchronous and aperiodic sampled-data control for general linear multiagent systems
Zhang, Xiaodan; Xiao, Feng; Zheng, Yuanshi; Wang, Aiping
Sci China Inf Sci, 2026, 69(2): 122204
Keywords: asynchronous sampling; hybrid systems; multiagent systems; reverse average dwell time
Cite as: Zhang X D, Xiao F, Zheng Y S, et al. Asynchronous and aperiodic sampled-data control for general linear multiagent systems. Sci China Inf Sci, 2026, 69: 122204, doi: 10.1007/s11432-024-4391-2
Control science and engineering
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Robust adaptive dynamic programming for morphing air-breathing hypersonic vehicles under unmatched uncertainty
Guo, Wenxin; Liu, Jieyu; Qin, Weiwei; Lan, Xuguang; Bai, Hongyang; Li, Xinyao
Sci China Inf Sci, 2026, 69(2): 122205
Keywords: morphing; air-breathing hypersonic vehicle; robust control; aerodynamics/structure/control coupling; adaptive dynamic programming
Cite as: Guo W X, Liu J Y, Qin W W, et al. Robust adaptive dynamic programming for morphing air-breathing hypersonic vehicles under unmatched uncertainty. Sci China Inf Sci, 2026, 69: 122205, doi: 10.1007/s11432-024-4386-4
Control science and engineering
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Keywords: coupled neutral complex networks; mismatched parameters; intermittent control; bounded control; fixed-time stability; practical fixed-time stability
Cite as: Kong F C, Cao J D. Practical fixed-time intermittent control of coupled neutral complex networks. Sci China Inf Sci, 2026, 69: 122206, doi: 10.1007/s11432-024-4435-1
Information and communication engineering
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Cited in SCI: 4
Bayesian Rao test for distributed target detection in interference and noise with limited training data
Xiao, Daipeng; Liu, Weijian; Liu, Jun; Wu, Yuntao; Du, Qinglei; Hua, Xiaoqiang
Sci China Inf Sci, 2026, 69(2): 122301
Keywords: adaptive detection; Rao test; Bayesian; sample-starved environment; subspace interference
Cite as: Xiao D P, Liu W J, Liu J, et al. Bayesian Rao test for distributed target detection in interference and noise with limited training data. Sci China Inf Sci, 2026, 69: 122301, doi: 10.1007/s11432-024-4422-3
Microelectronics and quantum information
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Physical structure-based small signal modeling for GaN Fin-HEMTs
Zhao Z Y, Lu Y, Yi C P, et al
Sci China Inf Sci, 2026, 69(2): 129401
Keywords: Fin-HEMT; small signal model; GaN; physical structure-based; parameter
Cite as: Zhao Z Y, Lu Y, Yi C P, et al. Physical structure-based small signal modeling for GaN Fin-HEMTs. Sci China Inf Sci, 2026, 69: 129401, doi: 10.1007/s11432-025-4514-x
Vol. 69, No. 3, 2026
Control science and engineering
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Keywords: adaptive control; predefined-time control; prescribed performance control; composite learning; robotic systems
Cite as: Zeng X D, Hua C C, Li K. Robust composite adaptive predefined-time control of n-link robotic systems with prescribed performance. Sci China Inf Sci, 2026, 69: 132201, doi: 10.1007/s11432-024-4547-5
Control science and engineering
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Keywords: intelligent driving; vehicle trajectory prediction; personalized driving style; LSTM; attention module
Cite as: Hu J Q, Wang C N, Rakheja S, et al. Advanced trajectory prediction framework integrating diverse driving styles for autonomous vehicles. Sci China Inf Sci, 2026, 69: 132202, doi: 10.1007/s11432-024-4538-3
Control science and engineering
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Non-trivial consensus control on directed signed networks
Niu T M, Mao B, Wang L J, et al
Sci China Inf Sci, 2026, 69(3): 132203
Keywords: non-trivial consensus; signed networks; linear system; graph decomposition; matrix perturbation theory
Cite as: Niu T M, Mao B, Wang L J, et al. Non-trivial consensus control on directed signed networks. Sci China Inf Sci, 2026, 69: 132203, doi: 10.1007/s11432-024-4536-0
Information and communication engineering
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Keywords: closed-loop system; wireless network; effective-capacity; model predictive control
Cite as: Meng Z Y, Ma D Y, Wei Z Q, et al. Communication, sensing and control integrated closed-loop system: modeling, control design and resource allocation. Sci China Inf Sci, 2026, 69: 132301, doi: 10.1007/s11432-025-4551-x
